Concrete structure and method of making the same



W. F. MARX. CONCRETE STRUCTURE AND METHOD OF MAKING THE SAME.

APPLICATION FILED AUG-I0. I920,

Patented Aug. 2, 1921.

2 SHEETSSHEE] I.

W. F. MARX.

CONCRETE STRUCTURE AND METHOD OF MAKING THE SAME. APPLICATION FILED AUG- 10. 1920.

1,3 ,4 7, f Patented Aug. 2,1921.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

I Z5 Z4 Snow K01,

PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM F. MARX, OF EMPORIA, KANSAS.

CONCRETE STRUCTURE AND METHOD OF MAKING THE SAME.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 2, 1921.

Application filed August 10, 1920. Serial No. 402,541.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known. that WILLIAM F. Manx, a citizen of the United States, residin at Em oria, in the county of Lyon and tate of (ansas, has invented certain new and useful Im rovements in Concrete Structures and ethods of Making the Same, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to concrete structures and methods of making the same.

The use of concrete as a building commodity has long since been recognized to be of great value but its use is generally avolded due to the high cost of forms and other alpp-liances necessary in the formation of t e walls.

It is therefore the principal object of this invention to eliminate the use of forms and other costly apparatus thereby greatly reducing the expense of construction and to construct the walls in a convenient location pursuant to which they are set up into the positions desired and bonded together so as to form a rigid durable unit possessing all of the advantages of the more expensively constructed concrete buildings.

Further objects reside in providing suitable reinforcing elements which likewlse oooperate to hold the walls fixed; in providing air spaces or insulation if preferred, where desired, in a convenient and facile manner; and in providing suitable cross partitions, etc., wherever desired and forming them in conjunction with the wall.

The above and other objects of this invention will be better understood from the following description of the resent preferred embodiment of the invention as illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Figure 1 is a. fragmentary vertical sectional view of a building constructed in accordance with my method, the molding platform being shown in side elevation and dotted lines being used to show different positions of the wall.

2 is a top plan view of a structure made in accordance with this invention one the side and end walls being shown in side elevation, removed from the structure, and the opposite end and side wall, shown.

a set up position.

3 is a fragmentary horizontal secriew of a side and end wall illustrating the manner in which they are connected.

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary sectional View of one of the walls shown as provided with insulation, and Fig. is a. fragmentary sectional view lllustratlng the air space in the wall and showing the manner in which a joist is con" nected to the wall.

In the method used by me I prefer to first lay a foundation 6 of concrete or other suitable material the upper end of which extends slightly above the natural grade line :7. A cellar floor 8 is referably laid so that its margins will over ap the bottom of the foundation. On the outside of the foundation and countersunk in the earth is a timber 9 servmg as a shelf to support one end of a forming platform 10. The opposite end of said platform extends upwardly at an in clination and is supported at any desired height by blocking 11. The platform 10 may be of any desired shape and construction but is preferably formed of inexpensive material and has mounted thereon suitable spacing elements to provide for windows, doors, etc., in accordance with the specification of the structure.

After the latform 10 has been arranged in the desired position the concrete is leveled thereon and rmitted to harden. Wherever desired rein orcing elements such as bars 12 are submerged in the concrete by laying said bars upon the first layer of the concrete following which the second layer is poured over the bars. The reinforcing bars have their ends extended beyond the terminals of the walls and overlapped or intermeshed as illustrated to advantage in Fig. 8. Where air spaces are desired in the wall, after the first layer of concrete has been leveled on the platform, a strata of sand or the like is placed upon said layer, and the second layer of concrete then deposited upon the sand. A block such as that indicated at 13 is arranged through the platform 10 closing one terminal of the air space so that removal of the block will permit the sand to gravitate from the wall in the direction of the arrow shown in Fig. 5. The air space thus provided in the wall is indicated at 14 and shown to advantage in Fig. '5. In some instances it may be preferred to insulate the walls instead of forming air spaces therein and if so any suitable insulation material such as paper, felt or the like may be arranged between the two layers of concrete in the formation of the wall as indicated at 15 and shown to advantage in Fig. 4.

After the wall has been formed on the platform 10 it is elevated by any suitable hoisting mechanism into the position shown in F igs. 1 and 2. The side walls so arran (1 are indicated at 16 and the end walls at 1 It will be observed that by mounting the lower end of the platform 10 upon the shelf 9, elevation of the platform will cause the wall to be deposited directly on top of the platform 6. For instance in Fig. '1 the dotted lines above the platform show the wall and the position which it assumes with respect to the foundation before it is elevated. The second series of dotted lines, in Fig. l, as indicated at A show the position of the wall as its weight is being received by the foundation. The full vertical lines show the side wall in assembled position with the windows and floors therein. The removal of the block 13 leaves an opening 18 in the side wall for the reception of a oist 19.

11 order to unite the end and side walls a right angled mold 20 is used which embraces the outer faces of said wall and incases the extended terminals of the reinforcing bars 12 thereof. After this has been done concrete is poured into the said mold from the top and permitted to harden there by bonding said reinforcing elements as illustrated in Fig. 8. Preferably ribs 21 are formed upon the adjacent ends of the side and end walls so as to more rigidly connect the latter when the concrete corner column 22 is connected therewith. A bracing standard 23 is mounted at the juncture of the side and end walls to augment the mold 20 in the proper formation of the corner column 22. v

Wherever desired wood cross partitions 24 or concrete cross partitions 25 may be embedded in the inner faces of said walls and united thereto by short reinforcing bars 26 which extend transversely of the wall. Also wherever desired short reinforcing bars such as those shown at 26 may be used to sectionsand joined in the same manner as the side and end walls are joined as above described. After the walls have been raised and united they are ready for the finish coat of plaster on the inside and the dash coat on the outside since no curing or browning out of the walls is necessary when the above method is followed. It is to be understood that this same method may be used to advantage in the construction of buildings of any configuration as well as for other uses within the scope of the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. A method of making concrete walls, consisting in first placing the molding form in a substantially horizontal position, following which the concrete and a filler are poured into the same and the concrete permitted to harden; next the wall is elevated into the desired position and the form removed, after which the filler is permitted to gravitate from the-wall to provide an. air space in the latter.

2. A method of making concrete structures consisting in first laying a rigid foundation, next arranging a platform; near the foundation after which a layer of concrete is poured on the platform, then laying reinforcing bars on said-layer of concrete and depositing a strata of sand thereon following which a second layer of poncrete is laid upon the said bars and sand and the concrete permitted to harden, "and finally elevating the platform to permit the wall to gravitate into engagement with the foundation and allowing the strata of sand to gravitate therefrom to provide an air space in the wall.

In testimony whereof I affix my signaturev WILLIAM F. MARX. 

